Experiments on Plant Damage from Undesirable Environments

When plant tissues are subjected to drought or other adverse conditions, the protoplasmic structure of the cells will be injured, especially the membrane system of the cells is damaged, the permeability of the plasma membrane is increased, and the solute particles of the cells will be extravasated to varying degrees into the surrounding environment, resulting in an increase in the concentration of the solutes in the external fluid and a corresponding increase in the conductivity.

Principle

The extent of substance exudation, indicating plant damage, can usually be determined by the measurement of the conductivity of the external fluid and the color reaction of sugar.

Operation method

Experiments on Plant Damage from Undesirable Environments

Principle

When plant tissues are subjected to drought or other adverse conditions, the protoplasmic structure of the cells will be injured, especially the membrane system of the cells is damaged, the permeability of the plasma membrane is increased, and the solute particles of the cells will be extravasated to varying extents into the surrounding environment, resulting in an increase in the concentration of the solutes in the external fluid and a corresponding increase in the conductivity. The degree of substance extravasation can usually be determined by the measurement of the conductivity of the external fluid and the color reaction of sugar, indicating the damage to the plant.

Materials and Instruments

Corn Wheat Mung Bean Seed
Anthrone-ethyl acetate reagent
Refrigerator Warming box Conductivity meter Constant temperature water bath Beaker Measuring cylinder Pipette Test tube Tweezers Stainless steel scissors Nonionized water

Move

I. Materials and equipment

Corn, wheat or mung bean seeds

Refrigerator, warming oven, conductivity meter, thermostatic water bath, beaker, measuring cylinder, pipette, test tube, tweezers, stainless steel scissors and non-ionized water.

Medicines

2% anthrone - ethyl acetate reagent: 1 g of anthrone dissolved in 50 ml of ethyl acetate, with warm water slightly heated to become. This agent should not be stored for a long time.

Experimental steps

1. Take the seeds of the test material, absorb swelling sprouting after moving it to the beaker covered with plastic window screen, the cup is filled with water, so that the roots through the screen into the water (you can also plant the seeds in the wet sand). When the seedling grows to 2-3cm, it can be taken.

2. Select 30 seedlings of uniform size, try not to hurt the root system, remove the endosperm remaining on the seedlings with tweezers, and rinse several times with non-ionized water to remove the substance on the wound. Then the plants were divided into three groups of 10 plants and placed in beakers, and the three cups containing the material were placed in a warm box at 45°C, in a refrigerator at 0-2°C and at room temperature, respectively. If root or stem cuttings are used as material, cut 1-2 cm long middle section cuttings so that the number of cuttings (i.e. wound area) is consistent across treatments.

After 1 hour, 20 ml of non-ionized water was added to each beaker and equilibrated for 30 minutes, and the conductivity of the solution was measured with a conductivity meter. Also take 0.5 ml of solution in a test tube, add 2 ml of anthrone reagent and 5 ml of concentrated sulfuric acid heated in a boiling water bath for 15 minutes, the solution turns green, indicating the presence of soluble sugar, the depth of green is proportional to the concentration of sugar. In addition, the same conductivity and sugar measurements were made with non-ionized water for comparison.

Note: in the conductivity measurement, low temperature treatment of a group such as immediately after the removal from the refrigerator, often the results are low, should wait until it is fully equilibrated at room temperature and then measured, the results are more realistic.

Third, the results

The results of the experiment were recorded as follows:

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